With the gradual increase in the proportion of non-fossil energy, the consumption side needs to be more flexible, and the connection between energy supply and demand will be closer, which puts higher requirements on improving the flexibility of energy consumption, intelligent level, and independent supply capacity. At present, China's energy consumption side is still facing institutional constraints, it is necessary to focus on the transformation of the consumption structure of the main energy-using industries, strengthen the coordinated transformation of energy consumption and production, and take multiple measures to guide the green and low-carbon transformation of energy consumption with policies.
Change trend of energy consumption under new energy system
Energy consumption has been increasingly electrified and intelligent. Electrification is an important way to promote energy structure adjustment and green low-carbon transformation, and an important measure to support a new energy system and build a new power system to help achieve carbon peak carbon neutrality. With the rapid development of digital and intelligent energy systems, new power supply technologies such as smart microgrids, virtual power plants, integrated energy services, and energy big data centers have emerged. These new technologies and new business forms are mainly distributed on the consumption side, changing the traditional energy supply mode and energy use behavior. Its commercial application will effectively improve the ability and level of operation control, decision regulation, resource allocation, and risk warning of the new power system, further enrich the application scenarios of power consumption, and accelerate the replacement of electric energy for terminal energy consumption.
The spatial flow of energy consumption is more complex. In the future, the trend of coordinated development of large-scale wind power photovoltaic base and distributed energy has become inevitable, compared with the traditional centralized energy supply model, the consumption side of the energy channel under the new energy system is more diversified, including both remote consumption from the new energy base, but also from the roof photovoltaic, small wind power, biomass power generation, new energy storage and other distributed energy consumption. The boundary between energy consumers and producers will become blurred, and the flow of supply and demand will become complicated. On the one hand, the bearing pressure of the distribution system will increase, and it is urgent to upgrade and support new energy storage facilities. On the other hand, the increasing uncertainty of energy consumption demand forecast and timely consumption poses challenges to energy system planning and operation and maintenance management.
Increased interaction between energy consumption and supply. With the high-quality development of economy and society, the continuous improvement of people's living standards, and the increasing number of extreme weather, the national electricity load has increased year by year, showing significant characteristics such as high peak value, large peak-valley difference, and double peaks in summer and winter. The stability of energy supply, mainly renewable energy, is greatly affected by seasons and extreme weather, and the energy system will inevitably face the increase of supply volatility and randomness, and the contradiction of energy supply surplus or shortage caused by the space-time mismatch of short-term energy will be further highlighted. It is urgent to change the feedback model of energy supply and demand regulation. In addition to the power generation capacity adjustment on the energy supply side, the energy consumption side also needs to explore more flexible ways of using energy, according to the power supply season, time characteristics and tight supply and demand conditions, actively change their own electricity habits, improve the flexibility of energy consumption, and actively adapt to the new energy supply mode. Respond quickly to changes in supply dynamics, adjusting consumption or sources of consumption to restore supply and demand balance as quickly as possible.
